The Effectiveness of an Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Display in Learning Skull Anatomy at a Community College     

Elizabeth A. Duncan-Vaidya  Erica L. Stevenson 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(2):221-231

Despite an increase in the use of technology in undergraduate anatomy education, and the rising popularity of online anatomy courses at community colleges in the United States, there have been no reports on the efficacy of augmented reality on anatomy education in this population. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that augmented reality is an effective and engaging tool for learning anatomy in community college students. Participants recruited from Cuyahoga Community College (Cleveland, OH) studied skull anatomy using either traditional tools (i.e., textbook and plastic skull model) or an augmented reality head-mounted display with an interactive virtual skull application. Comparison of knowledge before and following the study period revealed that augmented reality was an effective tool for learning skull anatomy: pre-quiz = 32.7% (± 25.2); mean (± SD), post-quiz = 61.8% (± 19.5); n = 15; t₍₂₈₎ = 3.53; P = 0.001. The traditional tools were equally effective: pre-quiz = 44.9 % (± 18.6), post-quiz = 67.9 % (± 17.3); n = 17; t₍₃₂₎ = 3.73; P = 0.0007. Students rated the augmented reality device as 9.6 (± 1.0); mean (± SD) when asked if it fit the statement “fun to use” on a semantic differential scale from 1 (poor) to 10 (excellent). In conclusion, this study found that augmented reality is an effective and engaging tool for the instruction of skull anatomy at a community college.  相似文献   

120th Virtual Annual Meeting and ConferenceMedical Library Association,Inc.May 19, 2020, and July 27–August 28, 2020     

JJ Pionke  Ellen M. Aaronson 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2021,109(1):E1

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Power training in elite young soccer players: Effects of using loads above or below the optimum power zone     

Irineu Loturco  Lucas A. Pereira  Valter P. Reis  Chris Bishop  Vinicius Zanetti  Pedro E. Alcaraz 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1416-1422

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to examine the effects of two jump squat (JS) training programs involving different loading ranges in under-20 soccer players during a preseason period. Twenty-three elite young soccer players performed sprint speed (at 5-, 10-, and 20-m), change-of-direction (COD) speed, JS peak-power (PP), and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests pre and post four weeks of training. Athletes were pair-matched in two groups according to their optimum power loads (OPL) as follows: lower than OPL (LOPL; athletes who trained at a load 20% lower than the OPL) and higher than OPL (HOPL; athletes who trained at a load 20% higher than the OPL). Magnitude-based inferences were used to compare pre- and post-training measures. Meaningful increases in the PP JS were observed for both groups. Likely and possible improvements were observed in the 5- and 10-m sprint velocity in the LOPL group. Meanwhile, possible and likely improvements were observed in the CMJ, 5- and 10-m sprint velocity, and COD speed in the HOPL group. Overall, both training schemes induced positive changes in athletic performance. Soccer coaches and sport scientists can implement the JS OPL-based training schemes presented here, either separately or combined, to improve the physical performance of youth soccer players.  相似文献   

Artificial intelligence and African conceptions of personhood     

Wareham  C. S. 《Ethics and Information Technology》2021,23(2):127-136

Ethics and Information Technology - Under what circumstances if ever ought we to grant that Artificial Intelligences (AI) are persons? The question of whether AI could have the high degree of moral...  相似文献   

Impaired motor control after sport-related concussion could increase risk for musculoskeletal injury: Implications for clinical management and rehabilitation     

Terese L. Chmielewski  Justin Tatman  Shuhei Suzuki  MaryBeth Horodyski  Darcy S. Reisman  Russell M. Bauer  James R. Clugston  Daniel C. Herman 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(2):154

This review presents a conceptual framework and supporting evidence that links impaired motor control after sport-related concussion (SRC) to increased risk for musculoskeletal injury. Multiple studies have found that athletes who are post-SRC have higher risk for musculoskeletal injury compared to their counterparts. A small body of research suggests that impairments in motor control are associated with musculoskeletal injury risk. Motor control involves the perception and processing of sensory information and subsequent coordination of motor output within the central nervous system to perform a motor task. Motor control is inclusive of motor planning and motor learning. If sensory information is not accurately perceived or there is interference with sensory information processing and cognition, motor function will be altered, and an athlete may become vulnerable to injury during sport participation. Athletes with SRC show neuroanatomic and neurophysiological changes relevant to motor control even after meeting return to sport criteria, including a normal neurological examination, resolution of symptoms, and return to baseline function on traditional concussion testing. In conjunction, altered motor function is demonstrated after SRC in muscle activation and force production, movement patterns, balance/postural stability, and motor task performance, especially performance of a motor task paired with a cognitive task (i.e., dual-task condition). The clinical implications of this conceptual framework include a need to intentionally address motor control impairments after SRC to mitigate musculoskeletal injury risk and to monitor motor control as the athlete progresses through the return to sport continuum.  相似文献   

Trajectories of Adjustment in a Brazilian Sample of Street-Involved Youth     

Rebeca Fernandes Ferreira Lima  Marcela Raffaelli  Normanda Araujo de Morais  Juliana P. Santana  Carlos J. Nieto  Silvia H. Koller 《Child development》2020,91(4):1237-1253

Trajectories of adjustment were examined in a sample of street-involved youth across a 1-year period. Participants (N = 113; M_age = 14.18 years; 80.5% male, 91% non-White) were recruited in three Brazilian cities. Interviews conducted at three time points included six measures of physical and psychological adjustment. Unconditional growth models revealed linear declines over time (i.e., improved adjustment) on three indicators: health symptoms, sexual risk behaviors, and negative affect. There were no linear changes in drug use, positive affect, or life satisfaction. Conditional growth models revealed few significant effects for age or gender, but ratings of stressful life events moderated longitudinal changes in health symptoms, drug use, and negative affect. Implications for practice, policy, and theory are discussed.  相似文献   

Death and dissection in Belgium     

Jones  Ross L. 《Metascience》2021,30(1):53-55

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Political Socialization of International Students: Public-Issue Discourse and Discussion on the College Campus     

Mizuki H. Wyant  Elizabeth H. Hurst  Justin Reedy 《Journal of Intercultural Communication Research》2020,49(4):372-393

ABSTRACT

This study examined international students’ interests in public issues in the U.S. and motivational factors behind their discourse or avoidance of such issues. In-depth interviews with international students revealed that they discuss certain public issues in the U.S. to gain or exchange information and knowledge, because these issues are relevant to themselves and others, or due to the misconceptions that others have about their country. Moreover, international students tend to avoid certain public issues because of the level of their knowledge and lack of interest in such issues and in order to avoid dissonance caused by the public issues.  相似文献   

Efficacy of using non-linear pedagogy to support attacking players’ individual learning objectives in elite-youth football: A randomised cross-over trial     

Simon J. Roberts  James R. Rudd  Matthew J. Reeves 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1454-1464

ABSTRACT

The present study examined the efficacy of a coaching curriculum, based on non-linear pedagogy, on improving attacking players’ individual learning objectives (ILOs) in elite-youth football. Participants included 22 attacking players (i.e., centre-forwards, wide-players and attacking midfield players) from a professional football academy in England. The players were randomly appointed to both control (CON) and intervention (INT) periods following baseline measures. The INT (non-linear) and CON (linear) periods were both designed to support the ILOs provided to each player as part of the elite player performance plan. The study adopted a randomised cross-over design and ILOs considered important for attacking players (i.e., strong foot finishing, weak foot finishing, 1-v-1 and decision-making) were evaluated using the Loughborough Shooting Skill Test. The results showed significant differences for INT in 1-v-1 (P< 0.02) and decision-making (P< 0.01). However, there were no significant differences for strong foot finishing, weak foot finishing or time taken. These results support non-linear pedagogy in developing 1-v-1 game play and decision-making but not for technical shooting proficiency.  相似文献   

浙江省第十五届大学生运动会高职高专院校竞赛成绩格局特征分析     

黄燕飞 《浙江体育科学》2020,(3):103-108

以文献资料法、数理统计法、比较法和逻辑归纳法等研究方法,通过对浙江省高职高专院校第十五届大学生运动会竞赛成绩的格局特征分析,得出以下基本结论:①十个大运会比赛项目分值赋分存在不均衡特征;②参赛院校在得分获奖能力方面具有明显的规模优势和类型强势特征;③十个大运会比赛项目具有十分明显的强校特征和获奖面局部离散性特征;④不同地域、不同性质院校在获奖能力方面的总体无差异性特征。在此基础上提出了实施三小球比赛得分两倍倍率激励制度设计,加强竞赛格局战略分析,科学谋划校外运动竞赛参赛整体计划,扬长避短,提升参赛绩效。运动竞赛整体强势学校须注重田径、游泳和三个大球类项目对整体获奖能力评价的重要贡献率,竞赛整体弱势学校可择取田径、羽毛球和游泳项目参赛获奖面相对较广、单项设置数较多的比赛项目等对策建议。  相似文献